What Does It Mean to Live Without Being Caught? — The Story of Nanda the Cowherd

What Does It Mean to Live Without Being Caught? buddhist talk 9

When we hear that practice means “not being caught by anything,” we might picture a carefree life where nothing bothers us at all.
But through the parable of a log drifting down a river, the Buddha pointed to something a little different.
Let us follow the meaning of “not being caught” through what unfolded when a cowherd named Nanda appeared on the scene.

The Parable of the Log and the River’s Current

Disciple1
Disciple1

Good morning, Teacher. Please, as always, share something with us to guide our practice.

Disciple2
Disciple2

With your guidance, our path of practice will surely move forward without obstruction.

At that moment, the Buddha was quietly watching the flow of the river.

Then, perhaps broken from a great tree somewhere upstream, a large log came drifting into view — moving with the current from upstream to downstream.

Buddha
Buddha

That log — it does not cling to this bank, nor to the far bank.
It does not sink to the riverbed.
It does not snag on sandbars or rocks.
It is not swallowed by an eddy.
It is not seized by people or animals.
And it does not rot.

 

Following the flow of the water, will it not eventually reach the great ocean…?

Disciple1
Disciple1

Yes, I believe it will.

Buddha
Buddha

We, as monks, are perhaps much the same as that log.

Disciple1
Disciple1

I see. The path of our practice is like the current of that river.

Disciple2
Disciple2

Not struggling against the flow, not stagnating, simply moving forward with the current… I understand.

Thank you for this teaching.

Nanda the Cowherd Asks to Be a Disciple

Someone happened to overhear this exchange between the Buddha and his disciples. His name was Nanda.

Holding the kind of staff that cowherds carry, he was in the middle of grazing cattle entrusted to him by his employer.

Nānda
Nānda

Excuse me…

Disciple1
Disciple1

Oh — hello. Can I help you?

Nānda
Nānda

 I was passing nearby and caught some of what was just said. I couldn’t help but take notice…

Disciple2
Disciple2

You mean the part about “not struggling against the flow, not stagnating, simply moving forward with the current”?

Nānda
Nānda

Yes. That’s it. Actually, I was listening from the very beginning.

What Nanda Understood by “Not Being Caught”

Nānda
Nānda

I myself find deep satisfaction in the life of grazing cattle.

The way I live — it seems to me exactly like: not clinging to this bank, not to the far bank, not sinking to the riverbed, not snagging on sandbars or rocks, not swallowed by an eddy, not seized by people or animals, not rotting — just moving with the flow.

Nānda
Nānda

If I were to become a disciple of the Buddha, would I be able to go even further into that practice of not being caught by anything?

Disciple1
Disciple1

 Do you mean you wish to become a disciple?

Nānda
Nānda

That’s exactly what I mean. Please, accept me right now.

Buddha
Buddha

Nanda. What do you intend to do with those cattle? Will you not return them to the one who entrusted them to you?

Nānda
Nānda

These animals can find their own way home. There’s no need for me to take them back personally.

 

Besides, that’s not what I’m asking. What I want to know is whether you’ll give me permission to become a disciple and learn the Way.

Buddha
Buddha

Even if the cattle can find their way home on their own — you are presently living in the care of the one who employs you, are you not?

Nānda
Nānda

 Well… yes, I suppose so.

Buddha
Buddha

Then first go back, and properly report to the one who owns those cattle.

Nānda
Nānda

 Can’t I become a disciple right now?

Buddha
Buddha

 First, return the cattle.

Nānda
Nānda

Understood. I will go back for now.

The Disciples’ Questions

Śāriputra
Śāriputra

Teacher. That man Nanda said he wanted to become a disciple. Why did you send him home?

Disciple2
Disciple2

That’s right. Weren’t you the one who spoke of flowing like water — of not being caught by anything?

He was moved by those words — your words — and came forward to ask for discipleship, didn’t he?

Buddha
Buddha

If, after returning home, he decides that he would rather go on being a cowherd — then the time was simply not right. But if, even after returning the cattle to their owner, he still wants to learn the Way — he will come back.

Disciple1
Disciple1

But… you said “a monk is like the flow of the river” — and then you gave Nanda that response. Doesn’t that seem like a contradiction?

Buddha
Buddha

Does it?

Disciple2
Disciple2

It does. Doesn’t it contradict “not being caught, flowing like water”?

Buddha
Buddha

Does it?

Disciple1
Disciple1

Disciple2
Disciple2

…Then the problem was in how we understood it?

Śāriputra
Śāriputra

Perhaps so. (smiling)

Nanda Returns

Nānda
Nānda

Teacher — I’ve returned the cattle! Please, I ask once more. Will you allow me to become your disciple?

Buddha
Buddha

You have properly returned the cattle to their owner.

Buddha
Buddha

Very well. I grant your request.

Nānda
Nānda

Thank you, deeply. I look forward to learning from you.


日本語版はこちら↓

何事にも捕らわれない自由な生き方とは? ナンダの弟子入り物語
『何事にも捕らわれない』とは本当に自由なこと?川を流れる木のたとえと、牛飼いナンダの弟子入り物語を通して、その言葉の意味を見つめます。

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